DEFINITIONS:
Clay: Sediments composed
of particles with diameter of less than 1/256 mm.
Silt: Sediments composed of particles with diameter of 1/256
to 1/16mm.
Sedimentary Rock: rock formed from lithificationof
any type of sediments, precipitation from solutions and consolidation of organics like the remain of plants.
Igneous Rock: formed when it cools and solidifies below
or on the earth's surface.
Metamorphic Rock: transformation
of pre-existing rock types by metemorphism.
Intrusive Rock: body of rock that
has crystallized from the molten magma below the earth's surface.
Extrusive Rock: ineous volcanic
rock formed from magma inside the earth's and flows onto the surfaceas a lava and explodes.
Crystallization: solid packing
of atoms, molecules, or ions in a regular order, and repeating pattern making a 3- dimensional form.
Magma: molten rock beneath the
earth's surface.
Mineral: Natural combounds formed
through geological processes.Crystalline solid with a specific chemical composition.
Cementation: chemical precipitation
of material in the spaces between the sediment grains making them bind together into hard a hard rock.
Limestone: sedimentary rock composed
of largely of mineral calcite.
Calcite: mineral with calcite.
Granite: medium coarse-grained
individual crystals. Can be pink, to dark grey or even black.
Quartz: mineral with silica.
Feldspar: Group of most common
minerals making up the earth's crust. Contains silicon, aluminum, and oxygen, may also contain potassium, cacium, and sodium.
Greywacke: a sandstone with
more then 15% fine- grained matrix between the sand grains.
Matrix: fine grained material
found in pore spaces between the larger grains.
Sorted: sediment grains that have
been selected and sorted according to their grain size, shape, or gravity.
Rounded: sharp edges and rock
fragements are grinded away during transportation.
Turbidity currents: sediment and
water that flows downslope along the bottom of the sea floor or a lake because of the water's mass which is alot heavier then
the clear water.
Hematite: a type of iron oxide
that when its powdered it is a brick-red color.
